Homeless Children Having Children: Without Equal Access to Government Assistance, Chances at Financial Stability Are Greatly Diminished

  Although pregnancy and parenting rates among teens have decreased over the years, the teen birth rate in America is still higher than in many other developing countries.Homeless youth are particularly at risk for teen pregnancy.One fifth of homeless youth females have been pregnant. On top of the stress of trying to provide the basic necessities for themselves, homeless teen mothers are now inundated with the stress of having to provide for a newborn. While there are current government programs tailored specially to homeless teen mothers, to be effective, it is important to ensure that these programs are readily accessible to those the programs were implemented to assist.

    There are a number of challenges that homeless teen mothers face in attempting to qualify for government assistance; specifically, under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Program (TANF). The biggest challenge has become meeting and maintaining the eligibility requirements relating to schooling and living arrangements. In relation to the schooling requirement, homeless teen mothers often find that their school of origin will not re-admit them, or a lack of alternative education programs available for mothers in their situation. In relation to living arrangement, teen mothers often find that there is a lack of options for a minor parent. When a young mother is unable to meet the schooling requirement, and/or qualify for approved housing this means that the teen mother is ineligible for TANF and other government programs. Without having access to much needed assistance, while encountering the demands of parenting and being a teen, homeless teen mothers find themselves trapped in a vicious cycle that consumes their hope and dreams and aspirations.

  Part I of this Article discusses the history of homelessness in America, including the characteristics and causes of homelessness, what is homelessness, and who experiences homelessness. Part II of this Article discusses the history of teen pregnancy in America and who are likely to become teen mothers based on commonly associated risk factors of teen pregnancy. Part III of this Article discusses the intersection of homelessness, teen pregnancy and parenting. Part IV of this Article examines the historical background of government assistance. Focusing primary on the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, this part will also examine how the Act affects the eligibility of homeless teen parents in receiving government benefits in comparison to parents in general. Part V of this Article provides an overview of the traditional levels of judicial scrutiny and a background of suspect classification towards the homeless. Part VI argues that homeless teen mothers should be regarded as a suspect classification under equal protection claims. In addition, Part VII argues that government assistance should be equally accessible to all mothers in need. Part VIII provides alternative solutions to the problems encountered by homeless teen parents when trying to receive benefits. 
Publication Date: 
2017
Pages: 
27-45
Journal Name: 
Southern Journal of Policy and Justice