Prior to the mid-1980s, homelessness was not deemed a federal issue. However, proponents for such legislation eventually created laws and programs that catered to people who were homeless (Mckinney-vento act, 2006).

The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (MVA) has become a key factor to creating and implementing change in the lives of all homeless persons; and although it was designed to address the issues associated with homelessness, the concern of children and youth created an awareness that would otherwise be unaddressed. While the legislation ensures homeless children and youth are given the same opportunities and services available in order to thrive in the public school setting, the effectiveness of MVA relies heavily on its facilitation and implementation by school social workers. Thus, it is imperative for school social workers and other youth advocates to understand the biopsychosocial factors that influence the children not only in school but also in their lives outside of school (Canfield, 2014).

Given its complexity, family homelessness is not something that any single agency, level of government, sector, or system on its own can solve. Government, public agencies and schools, businesses, non-profits, and philanthropy all have roles to play in investing in and driving solutions. We must work together with urgency to ensure that every child grows up with opportunities to achieve their fullest potential. (USICH, 2016)

Statistical data addressing the impact of homelessness on children and families will be presented as well as the federal legislative response via the MVA with a focus upon the gaps and the limitations of its intended purpose within the family, the community and the school setting. Additionally, the implications for school social workers, educators and other stakeholders will be addressed along with a variety of evidence- based and theoretical practice models and frameworks (including Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the Ecological and the Systems Theories) and other best practice solutions, strategies and recommendations that are 21^st century focused.