One of the unexpected consequences of welfare reform has been the decline not only in cash assistance caseloads but also in the number of low-income families receiving food stamps and Medicaid benefits. While the face of low-income families is increasingly that of low-wage workers rather than cash welfare recipients, many of these families remain poor and qualify for food stamps and Medicaid. Millions of these low-income children and families are not, however, receiving these benefits despite being eligible for them.