The Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS) collected 1-year follow-up outcomes for 2,966 clients in outpatient methadone (OMT), long-term residential (LTR), outpatient drug-free (ODF), and short-term inpatient (STI) programs in 1991-1993. LTR, STI, and ODF clients reported 50% less weekly or daily cocaine use in the follow-up year than in the preadmission year. Reductions were greater (p < .01 ) for clients treated for 3 months or more. Clients still in OMT reported less weekly or daily heroin use than clients who left OMT. Multivariate analysis confirmed that 6 months or more in ODF and LTR and enrollment in OMT were associated with the reductions. Reductions of 50% in illegal activity and 10% increases in full-time employment for LTR clients were related (p < .01) to treatment stays of 6 months or longer. The results replicated findings from 1979-1981 for heroin use in OMT and illegal activity and employment for LTR, but not for illegal activity in OMT and ODF. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)
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